our soul Vs spirit

Question: "What is the difference between the soul and spirit of man?" Answer: The soul and the spirit are the two primary immaterial aspects that Scripture ascribes to humanity. It can be confusing to attempt to discern the precise differences between the two. The word “spirit” refers only to the immaterial facet of humanity. Human beings have a spirit, but are we not spirits. However, in Scripture, only believers are said to be spiritually alive (1 Corinthians 2:11; Hebrews 4:12; James 2:26), while unbelievers are spiritually dead (Ephesians 2:1-5; Colossians 2:13). In Paul's writing, the spiritual was pivotal to the life of the believer (1 Corinthians 2:14; 3:1; Ephesians 1:3; 5:19; Colossians 1:9; 3:16). The spirit is the element in humanity which gives us the ability to have an intimate relationship with God. Whenever the word “spirit” is used, it refers to the immaterial part of humanity that “connects” with God, who Himself is spirit (John 4:24). The word “soul” can refer to both the immaterial and material aspects of humanity. Unlike human beings having a spirit, human beings are souls. In its most basic sense, the word “soul” means “life.” However, beyond this essential meaning, the Bible speaks of the soul in many contexts. One of these is humanity’s eagerness to sin (Luke 12:26). Humanity is naturally evil, and our souls are tainted as a result. The life principle of the soul is removed at the time of physical death (Genesis 35:18; Jeremiah 15:2). The soul, as with the spirit, is the center of many spiritual and emotional experiences (Job 30:25; Psalm 43:5; Jeremiah 13:17). Whenever the word “soul” is used, it can refer to the whole person, whether alive or in the afterlife. The soul and the spirit are connected, but separable (Hebrews 4:12). The soul is the essence of humanity’s being; it is who we are. The spirit is the aspect of humanity that connects with God.

Growth stages of Maize

1. Germination and Seedling stage
*sprouting stage, after one week after sowing.
*coleoptiles emerging stage.
*collar of first leaf visible.
*bear 2-4 leaf.

2. Vegetative stage
*k/a knee-high stage/grand growth stage.
*after 35-45 DAS.
*agronomic practices are performed at this stage.

3. Tasseling/floral initiation stage
*male flower initiation.
*about 55 to 65 DAS
*anthesis or male flowering, pollen shed begins.
*tassel are formed at the apex, after 14 to 15 leaves.

4. Silking/Cob initiation stage
*female flowers formed.(75-90DAS)
*cobs are auxiliary flowers.
*silk are visible.
*in most cases, cobs formed in the axis of 11-13 leaf.

5. Grain filling and physiological maturity stage
*prevails 12-13days after silking, last for 40-42 days.
A. Soft dough/milk

Adaptation Maize

Climatic Factors:
*versatile to adaptation that attributable to enormous genetic variability available within corn species.
*between 40 degree S and 60 degree N.
*cultivated from 3700masl.
*arid to humid, cold to warm, sandy to clay soils.

TEMPERATURE:
*warm seasonal crop.
*suitable temperature 21-32 degree C.
*max and min temp is 44 and 10 degree C.
*optimum night temp 11-18 degree C.
*GDD/heat units: 1200 to 2600 heat units.
*little growth below 10 degree.
*can withstand freeze, upto 15 cm tall.
*high temp above 35:more injurious to plant at tasseling stage.
*under drier condition+high temp: pollen grains dry out.

SOLAR RADIATION:
*important role in growth and yield.
*photo-insensitive i.e. Day neutral plant.
*however grow in short day condition(8-9 hour sunshine)
*being C4 plant, need sunny days.
*only bright sunlight+devoid of irrigation=wilting
*prolonged cloudy day is detrimental, but intermittent sunlight and cloud or rain is most ideal.
*can be grown in diverse climatic condition.

RAINFALL AND MOISTURE:
*average rainfall 500-700mm.
*require less moisture during early phase.
*drought condition lead to poor seed set, low test weight.
*water stress persists for 3-8 days: decreased root and shoot DM, plant height, root length, but increase leaf Proline accumulation.
*water stress affect carbohydrates and nitrogen metabolism.
*rainfall during and after 3-5 weeks of silking is important.
*TC=280-350
*transpire 2-4 kg water/day
*require 60-100t water to form 100kg of Kernels.
*require more than 50% of total water requirements, in 30 days after tasseling stage.
*dryness at harvesting period is essential, to make easier and protect from spoiling by fungi.

RH, WIND, HAILSTROM:
*humidity 80-85%
*terrestrial wind velocity may wilt the plant.
*hailstrom are harmful during jointing and silking stage.

EDAPHIC FACTOR(soil):
*grown in diverse condition(sandy, oxi,incepti, verti,alfi-sols)
*best in wel drained sandy loam to silty loam.
*high water holding, and neutral pH(5.5-7.5)
*sensitive to water logging, proper drainage is must.
*would not thrive no heavy soil.
*avoid low lying field, having poor drainage and higher salinity.

Maize classification 2

4. Flour/soft corn(amylacea)
*kernel has soft starch, no hard starch.
*soft endosperm.
*colour:white, blue
*flint kernel like shapes.
*grown in USA.
*mainly used as human food.

5. Pop corn(everta)
*used as snack.
*pearl popcorn:rounded kernels(yellow)
*rice popcorn:pointed white.
*kernel are extreme form of flint corn.
*hard endosperm with soft moist starch in the centre.
*19% moisture in kernels, expands 30-40 times.

6. Waxy maize(ceretina)
*waxy appearance.
*China as main source.
*contain mainly Amylopectin(78%)

7. Pod corn(tunicata)
*most primitive and oldest.
*kernels enclosed within a pod or husk.
*whole ear is surrounded by husks.
*no commercial value.

On the basis of Maturity:
1. Extra early-upto 70 days
2. Early-80-85 days
3. Medium-90-100 days
4. Full reason-105 days after.

On the basis of use:
1. Green forage
2. Vegetable and salad
3. Roasting purpose
4. Pop corn
5. Animal feed
6. Industrial uses.